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The Ethereum “merge” that led to the transition of the consensus mechanism from “Proof of Work” (PoW) to “Proof of Stake” (PoS) was successfully completed last month, one of the biggest advances For the blockchain community. According to the roadmap, the network will receive many more upgrades. Surge, Barge, Purge, and Splurge. Over the next few weeks, we’ll cover the intricacies behind the planned upgrade, starting with today’s “surge.”

In December 2021, Ethereum founder Vitalik tweeted about the roadmap for Ethereum 2.0, and since then the developers have been steadily moving forward. There are five major upgrades for him on this roadmap. With the successful completion of the merger, we are already seeing slight improvements in transaction speeds, as well as reduced token supply and gas fees.

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What is surge?

This is an upgrade that uses a Layer 2 rollup to exponentially increase the scaling capabilities of the Ethereum network. Solutions such as Optimism, Arbitrum, and Immutable X do all computation and storage off-chain and bring the data back to Ethereum. The scalability of these rollups is achieved through sharding.

The term “sharding” may sound new to most people, but it has been in database products since the early 1980s and stands for “system of highly available replicated data.” From a technical point of view, the Ethereum network he achieves about 13 transactions per second. Once all upgrades are complete, he could be capable of 100,000 TPS throughput on the network. This is a monumental change and is also expected to significantly reduce gas prices.

How does sharding work?

This is the process of splitting the blockchain into smaller pieces and overlapping many pieces in an algorithmic way in order to manage the blockchain more efficiently. This is done in a way that allows someone to validate their shards and know they can trust the rest of the blockchain.The original plan was to include EVM, accounts, smart his contracts and data. It was to do sharding across the blockchain. Now they have decided to split the data only. Therefore, the team believes this is the best way to perform more computations from the main chain, so rollup can increase the scale. This is done by dividing the data being processed by the Ethereum mainnet into 64 smaller segments.

The steps seen in the burst timeline below can be summarized in slowly increasing sharding. Initially the blockchain will be shared and people will have to verify the entire chain. This is to make sure the algorithm is working fine and then go to a place you can’t go back to. The final step here, called DAS or Data Availability Sampling, allows all clients to easily verify that all data is genuine without having to download the entire blockchain. This goes a long way toward achieving maximum scalability with maximum security, balancing the scalability trilemma he triangle.

when will that happen?

According to co-founder Vitalik Buterin, Merge has migrated blockchain to a greener PoS consensus mechanism, but Ethereum’s transformation is only 55% complete. “Contrary to what many people understand, Merge is one of five key stages of evolution that the Ethereum protocol is required to go through in order to be tagged as a fully efficient proof-of-stake protocol. Just one.Eitan Lavi, co-founder of permissionless encryption bridge ChainPort, told BeInCrypto.

The surge upgrade is scheduled to take place in 2023 after the Shanghai upgrade. This enables beacon chain withdrawal, EVM object format, and reduced Layer 2 charges. According to the Ethereum Foundation, “sharding” increases network capacity, reduces costs, and improves transaction speeds. Experts are touting that this upgrade may be delayed, as we’ve seen with “Merge.”

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A unified payment and data availability layer unlocks the exciting capabilities of proof-of-validity rollups. These benefits result in lower validator latency and higher bandwidth (hence higher EVM gas limits). A major goal of Ethereum’s roadmap is to provide scalability within the protocol by minimizing trust assumptions and implementing native solutions. Ethereum’s base layer hosts an entire ecosystem of decentralized applications that promises to fundamentally change the digital ecosystem, and these upgrades are expected to be essential in shaping the future of web3 on a global scale. I’m here.

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Disclaimer: This article was produced by Giottus Crypto Exchange as part of a paid partnership with The News Minute. An investment in crypto assets or cryptocurrencies is subject to market risks such as volatility and has no guaranteed return. If you are unsure about any investment, please do your own research and seek independent legal/financial advice before investing.